User session analysis

A user session, also called a "visit," "journey," or "clickpath," is any interaction between an individual user's device and your application. Basically, it's a sequence of user actions performed by the same user in your application during a limited period of time. Each user session includes at least one user action.

While analysis of the sessions of user groups and related cohorts based on aggregate monitoring results and calculated performance averages can be useful in some situations, such analysis is often incomplete. Individual users behave in unexpected ways, perform different tasks with different goals in mind, and reside in different geographic regions using different combinations of devices and browsers.

Effective user-session segmentation is the key to understanding how individual users who share common characteristics experience your application. Dynatrace supports user-session segmentation through a powerful filtering mechanism. Dynatrace user session analysis enables you to slice, dice, and combine your application’s user sessions into meaningful segments based on shared characteristics of individual user sessions (for example, OS, browser type, location, or user tag). For example, you might segment your analysis based on browser type (desktop browser, mobile browser, or synthetic browser). In this way, you can drill deeply into aggregate results to discover meaningful insights into performance problems that may only be experienced by a small subset of your users.

User session segmentation

To analyze user sessions

1. In the Dynatrace menu, go to Session segmentation.

2. Select the text field at the top of the page (see 1 in the example below), and select one of the available filtering attributes. Once you select an attribute, the available values for that filter are displayed in a drop list. Select the attribute value you’re interested in. Some attributes provide text fields into which you can type specific values.

3. Repeat this process for as many attributes as you are interested in. Once you’ve defined your filter, click somewhere outside the text box.

   What filtering attributes are available?

   Attribute category	Attribute	Description
   Application	Application name	Select the name of the application you want to analyze.
   	Application type	Specify whether you want to analyze the sessions of a web or a mobile application.
   Browser	Browser family	Filter sessions based on the browser that was used (Chrome, Safari, etc).
   	Browser type	Filter sessions based on whether they were performed with a desktop, tablet, or mobile browser, or virtually via synthetic tests or robots.
   	Browser version	Use this attribute if you want to filter sessions based not only on a specific browser but also on a specific browser version.
   Location	City	Filter sessions based on the city where the sessions originate.
   	Continent	Filter sessions based on the continent where the sessions originate.
   	Country	Filter sessions based on the country where user sessions originate.
   	Region	Filter sessions based on the geographical region where sessions originate.
   Mobile	Crashes	Select Yes or No to filter sessions that have or haven’t experienced a crash.
   	Device	Filter sessions based on the type of mobile device used for accessing the application.
   	Manufacturer	Filter user sessions based on a specific mobile device manufacturer.
   Operating system	OS family	Filter sessions based on operating system family (Windows, Linus, iOS, etc).
   	OS version	Select a specific OS version.
   Session	Bounce	Select Yes or No to filter sessions that either were or weren’t bounced sessions (sessions that are immediately abandoned). A bounce is a special type of user session comprised of only a single user action. High bounce rates are undesirable.
   	Conversion goal	Select a specific conversion goal to examine those user sessions where this goal was achieved.
   	Converted	Select Yes or No to analyze those user sessions where the associated conversion goal was or was not achieved.
   	IPv4	Filter sessions based on IP addresses that rely on the IPv4 protocol.
   	IPv6	Filter sessions based on IP addresses that rely on the IPv6 protocol.
   	ISP	Filter sessions based on a specific Internet Service Provider.
   	JavaScript error count	Specify a range of JavaScript error occurrences. Use this to focus on user sessions that have more than a certain number of JavaScript errors (if you leave the upper bound empty), less or equal to a value (if you leave the lower bound empty), or fall within a specific value range.
   	JavaScript errors	Select either Yes or No to explicitly filter sessions that did or didn’t encounter JavaScript errors. (Note: JavaScript error details are only stored for 10 days.)
   	Screen resolution	Filter user sessions based on a specific screen resolution.
   	Session duration	Specify a time interval in minutes. Use this to filter sessions that have a duration longer than or equal to a value (if you leave the upper bound empty), shorter than or equal to a value (if you leave the lower bound empty), or fall within a specific value range.
   	User tag	Select a user tag to analyze the sessions of a specific user.
   	User type	Choose whether you want to analyze user sessions of robots, synthetic users, or real users.
   	Users	Filter user sessions based on whether users are new or returning users.
   User action	User action count	Specify a range of integers that represent the number of user actions performed within one session. This can help you to identify, for example, sessions that have a high number of actions.
   	User action duration	Specify a time interval in minutes. Use this to filter sessions that have at least one user action with duration longer than or equal to a value (if you leave the upper bound empty), shorter than or equal to a value (if you leave the lower bound empty), or fall within a specific value range.
   	User action name	Specify a user action so that you can analyze all sessions that include at least one instance of that action.

4. Select a user session attribute around which you want to have the results charted, for example, location, JavaScript error count, or browser type (see 2 in the example below).

   What charting options are available?

   Charting dimension	Description
   Application	Renders a bar chart with the different applications depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the exact number of user sessions within that category.
   Browser	Renders a pie chart divided into the following categories: Desktop, Tablet mobile, Synthetic, and Robots. Select a category to view details of the browser family.
   Bounce	Renders a bar chart with the values No and Yes on the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the exact number of user sessions within that category.
   Converted	Renders a bar chart with the values No and Yes on the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the exact number of user sessions in that category.
   Conversion goals	Renders a bar chart with the different conversion goals depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the exact number of user sessions in that category.
   Browser type	Renders a bar chart with the values Desktop, Tablet mobile, Synthetic, and Robots depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the exact number of user sessions in that category.
   JavaScript error count	Renders a bar chart with integers representing the number of JavaScript errors depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the exact number of user sessions in that category.
   Location	Renders a world map with the filtered locations colored with different shades of purple that indicate the number of user sessions. The darker shades signify areas with the largest number of sessions. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the name of that region as well as the number of sessions that occurred there.
   ISP	Renders a bar chart with the different ISPs depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the number of sessions in that category.
   OS	Renders a pie chart that’s divided based on operating system. Select a part of the pie chart that corresponds to a specific operating system to view fine-grained detail about the different versions of the specific operating system.
   Time	Renders a bar chart with time depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. You can choose among different time resolutions depending on the selected timeframe. For a timeframe of the last 2 hours, you can choose among 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 1 h resolution. If you select a timeframe of the last 30 days, the available time resolution options are 1 hour, 2 hours, 6 hours, 1 day, and 1 week. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the number of sessions within that category.
   Hour	Renders a 24-hour clock chart depicting the top 3 hourly intervals that included the most sessions. Darker shades of purple indicate intervals with higher numbers of sessions.
   Screen resolution	Renders a bar chart with the different screen resolutions depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the number of sessions within that category.
   User action count	Renders a bar chart with integers representing number of user actions depicted along the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the number of sessions within that category.
   Users	Renders a bar chart with the values Returning users and New users on the X-axis and the number of user sessions along the Y-axis. Hold your cursor over a specific bar to view the number of sessions within that category.

The results of your analysis are displayed in a clickable chart (see 3 in the image above). You can select any bar in the chart to focus your analysis on that subset of monitoring results (i.e, a specific increment of time, a specific browser type, or other value).

While the chart displays data for all user sessions that match the defined filter, the top user list (see 4 in the image above) shows data for only the top 100 users, which are those users who have initiated the most user sessions. The columns in the top user section are sortable. This enables you to, for example, sort the results based on Avg. session duration to see which users spent the most and least amount of time using your application. To analyze the sessions of a single user, select a username and navigate to that user's overview page.

Note that whenever a filter changes or a specific part on the chart is selected, the top user list is accordingly updated to reflect the top users belonging to the respective segment created through the definition of the specific filter as well as the selection of the corresponding chart section (in case a specific chart section has been selected). At any time, the defined filter, the chart and the top user list are in absolute alignment.

Use the timeframe selector to adjust the analysis timeframe of your user-session analysis.

Examples

Here are some indicative examples, showing how you can glean insights from your users' behavior through the Dynatrace user session analysis feature.