New: User session analysis

Dynatrace version 1.224+

While analysis of individual user sessions can be useful in some situations, such analysis is often incomplete. The users of your application behave in unexpected ways, perform different tasks with different goals in mind, reside in various geographic regions, and use countless combinations of devices, operating systems, and browsers.

Dynatrace supports user session segmentation through a powerful filtering mechanism. Dynatrace user session analysis enables you to slice, dice, and combine your application's user sessions into meaningful segments based on shared characteristics of individual user sessions—operating system, browser type, location, or user tag. For example, you might segment your analysis based on the following browser types: desktop, mobile, or synthetic. In this way, you can drill deeply into aggregate results to discover meaningful insights into performance problems that may only be experienced by a small subset of your users.

User session segmentation

To analyze user sessions

In the Dynatrace menu, go to Session segmentation.

Click the text field at the top of the page (see 1 in the example below), and select one of the available filtering attributes. Once you select an attribute, the available values for that filter are displayed in a list.

Available filtering attributes

Attribute category	Attribute	Description
Applications	Application	Select the name of the application you want to analyze.
	Application type	Specify whether you want to analyze the sessions of web, mobile, or custom applications.
	Browser monitor	Select the name of the browser monitor used for Synthetic Monitoring.
Browser	Browser type	Filter sessions based on whether they were performed with a desktop, tablet, or mobile browser or virtually via synthetic agent or bots.
	Browser family	Filter sessions based on the browser that was used.
	Browser version	Use this attribute if you want to filter sessions based not only on a specific browser but also on a specific browser version.
	Screen width	Filter user sessions based on a specific screen width.
	Screen height	Filter user sessions based on a specific screen height.
Operating system	Operating system family	Filter sessions based on operating system family (Windows, Linux, iOS, etc).
	Operating system version	Select a specific OS version.
Location	Continent	Filter sessions based on the continent where the sessions originate.
	Country	Filter sessions based on the country where the sessions originate.
	Region	Filter sessions based on the geographical region where the sessions originate.
	City	Filter sessions based on the city where the sessions originate.
Mobile	Application version	Use this filter to view sessions for a specific version of your mobile app.
	Crashes	Select `Yes` or `No` to filter sessions that have or haven't experienced a crash.
	Device	Filter sessions based on the type of mobile device used to access the application.
	Manufacturer	Filter user sessions based on a specific mobile device manufacturer.
	Rooted or jailbroken	Select `Yes` or `No` to filter mobile sessions where the device is rooted/jailbroken or genuine. If the device status is unknown or undefined, sessions have the value of `null` and don't appear in the results. Custom applications always report unknown or undefined.
User	User tag	Select a user tag to analyze the sessions of a specific user.
	Internal user ID	Filter sessions based on the unique ID of the user that triggered the user session.
	User type	Choose whether you want to analyze user sessions of robots, synthetic users, or real users.
	New user	Select `Yes` or `No` to filter sessions based on whether users are new or returning users.
Session	Live	Select `Yes` or `No` to show either live or completed sessions.
	Session Replay	Select `Yes` or `No` to show user session with or without Session Replay.
	Bounced	Select `Yes` or `No` to filter sessions that either were or weren't bounced sessions (bounced sessions are sessions that are immediately abandoned). A bounce is a special type of user session composed of only a single user action. High bounce rates are undesirable.
	Converted	Select `Yes` or `No` to analyze those user sessions where the associated conversion goal was or was not achieved.
	Session conversion count	Filter sessions based on the number of times a session reaches any of the session conversion goals.
	Conversion goal	Select a specific conversion goal to examine those user sessions where this goal was achieved.
	Has errors	Select either `Yes` or `No` to explicitly filter sessions that did or didn't encounter errors.
	Error count	Specify a range of error occurrences. Use this to focus on user sessions that have more than a certain number of errors (if you leave the upper bound empty), less than or equal to a value (if you leave the lower bound empty), or fall within a specific value range.
	Error type	Specify whether you want to analyze the sessions that have request, reported, custom, or JavaScript errors.
	IP	Filter sessions based on IP addresses.
	IPS	Filter sessions based on a specific Internet Service Provider.
	Duration	Specify a session duration in minutes. Use this to filter sessions that have a duration longer than or equal to a value (if you leave the upper bound empty), shorter than or equal to a value (if you leave the lower bound empty), or fall within a specific value range.
Session properties	Session date properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular session date property and its value.
	Session double properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular session double property and its value.
	Session long properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular session long property and its value.
	Session string properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular session string property and its value.
User actions	User action count	Specify a range of integers that represent the number of user actions performed within one session. This can help you to identify, for example, sessions that have a high number of actions.
	User action name	Specify a user action so that you can analyze all sessions that include at least one instance of that action.
	User action date properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular user action date property and its value.
	User action double properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular user action double property and its value.
	User action string properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular user action string property and its value.
	User action long properties	Filter user sessions based on a particular user action long property and its value.
Pages	Page name	Display sessions where a user accessed the specified page.
	Page group	Display sessions where a user accessed the page from the specified page group.
Usability	Rage click count	Specify a range of rage click occurrences. Use this to focus on user sessions that have more than a certain number of rage clicks (if you leave the upper bound empty), less than or equal to a value (if you leave the lower bound empty), or fall within a specific value range.
	User experience score	Show user sessions with Satisfying, Tolerable, or Frustrating user experience score.
	Rage tap count	Specify a range of rage tap occurrences. Use this to focus on mobile user sessions that have more than a certain number of rage taps (if you leave the upper bound empty), less than or equal to a value (if you leave the lower bound empty), or fall within a specific value range.

In filters, the tilde operator (~) doesn't work as the LIKE keyword in USQL.

Select the attribute value you're interested in. Some attributes provide text fields that you can use for free-text search. You can also select multiple values of one attribute; this works as an OR operator for that attribute.
Repeat this process for as many attributes as you are interested in. Once you've defined your filter, click anywhere outside the text box.

The result of the defined filters provides a list of the first 500 sessions, which are ordered by the start time of the newest session. To change the order, sort the table columns in ascending or descending order.

To analyze the sessions of a single user, select a username (see 2 in the example below) to navigate to that user's details page.
To go directly the session details, select a timestamp (see 3 in the example below).

Use the timeframe selector in the menu bar to adjust the analysis timeframe of your user session analysis.

Timeframe selector controls

The global timeframe selector serves as a time filter that, in most cases, enables you to select a specific analysis timeframe that persists across all product pages and views as you navigate through your analysis.

The Presets tab lists all standard timeframes available. Select one to change your timeframe to that preset.
The Custom tab displays a calendar. Click a start day, click an end day, and then click Apply to select that range of days as your timeframe.
- Selected calendar intervals are set to end on start of the next day (with the time set to 00:00). For example, if you select September 3 to September 4 on the calendar, the timeframe starts on September 3 at time 00:00 and ends on September 5 at time 00:00, so you never miss the last minute of the time range. You can edit these displayed times.
The Recent tab displays recently used timeframes. Select one to revert to that timeframe.
The < and > controls shift the timerange forward or backward in time. The increment is the length of the original timerange. For example, if the current timerange is Last 2 hours (the two-hour range ending now), click < to shift the timerange two hours back, to -4h to -2h (the two-hour range ending two hours ago).
Hover over the timeframe to see the start time, duration, and end time.

Timeframe selector expressions

If you select the current timeframe in the menu bar, an editable timeframe expression is displayed.

Reading from left to right, a timeframe expression has a start time, a to operator, and an end time.
If there is no explicit end time, the to and now are implied. For example, -2h is the same -2h to now.
Supported units: s, m, h, d, w, M, q, y (you can also use whole words such as minutes and quarter)

Example timeframe expressions	Meaning
`today`	From the beginning of today to the beginning of tomorrow.
`yesterday`	From the beginning of yesterday to the beginning of today. Like `-1d/d to today`.
`yesterday to now`	From the beginning of yesterday to the current time today.
`previous week`	The previous seven whole days. If today is Monday, you get the previous Monday through the previous Sunday (yesterday).
`this year`	The current calendar year, from January 1 of this year at `00:00` through January 1 of next year at `00:00`.
`last 6 weeks`	The last 42 days (6 weeks * 7 days) ending now. Equivalent to `-6w to now`.
`-2h`	From 2 hours (120 minutes) ago to the current time (`now` is implied). Equivalent to `Last 2 hours` and `-2h to now`.
`-4d to -1h30m`	From 4 days (96 hours) ago to 1.5 hours ago.
`-1w`	The last 7 days (168 hours), from this time 7 days ago to the current time (`now`). Equivalent to `-7d` and `-168h`.
`-1w/w`	From the beginning of the previous calendar week to the current time (now). If you used `-1w/w` on a Friday afternoon at 3:00, you would get a range of 11 days 15 hours, starting with the beginning of the previous week's Monday, because `/w` rounds down to the beginning of the week. If you used `-1w` without `/w` on a Friday afternoon at 3:00, the start time would be exactly 7 days (168 hours) earlier: the previous Friday at 3:00 in the afternoon. In general, `/` used in combination with a unit (such as `/d`, `/w`, `/M`, and `/y`) means to round down the date or time to the beginning of the specified time unit. For example, `-3d` means exactly 72 hours ago, whereas `-3d/d` means three days ago rounded down to the nearest day (starting at time `00:00`, the beginning of the day). Use `now/d` to mean the start of today.
`-1w/w + 8h`	Starting from the beginning of last week plus 8 hours (8:00 AM Monday). Note that you can use the `+` and `-` operators with units, timestamps, and `now`.
`-1d/d+9h00m to -1d/d+17h00m`	Business hours yesterday, from 09:00 - 17:00 (9 AM to 5 PM).
`2020-08-16 21:28 to 2020-08-19 10:02`	An absolute range consisting of absolute start and end dates and times in `YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm` format. If you provide a date but omit the time (for example, just `2020-08-16`), the time is assumed to be the beginning of day (`00:00`) If you provide a time but omit the date (for example, just `21:28`), the date is assumed to be today
`1598545932346 to 1598837052346`	Unix epoch millisecond timestamps.

Drill down using findings

The findings panel is located on the left side of the User sessions page. This panel contains out-of-the-box findings and different visualizations for various attributes. For example, select the Application versions category to see which of your application version has more user sessions, or select the Applications category to see data on aggregated sessions for each of your applications.

Focus on sessions of an individual user

You can focus on the user sessions of a specific user. Select a user from the User column to navigate to that user's overview page.

To search for user sessions of a specific user, select User tag in the Filter by box, and then choose the user you're interested in. For example, to display user sessions of the user named Zara, add the User tag: Zara filter. After that, select the Zara user in the User column to navigate to this user's overview page.

To learn how to tag each user of your application with a unique user name, check the following pages depending on your application type and operating system:

Web applications
Mobile applications
- Android
- iOS
- Cordova
- Flutter
- React Native
- Xamarin
Custom applications: OpenKit

Select one of Zara's sessions to view further details. For example, you can check all actions that the Zara user performed during the selected session. The session details contain important device-related information such as the device resolution, manufacturer, operating system, geolocation, and IP address.

View error details

You can also leverage session analysis to get to the details of errors that occur in your application.

To view the error details page

In the Dynatrace menu, go to Session segmentation.
In the Filter by box, set Error type to one of the following values depending on your application type:

Error type Web Mobile Custom
Request error
Reported error
Custom error
JavaScript error
Select the user session you're interested in to open the session details page.
Under Events and actions, expand the user action that contains an error, and select Perform waterfall analysis.
Perform one of the following actions depending on the application type:
- Web applications On the Waterfall analysis page, select the Error tile, and then select the error. The error details page opens.
- Mobile and custom applications Scroll down to the Web request errors or Reported errors section and select the error. The error details page opens.

Error details page

The error details page provides valuable information about your application's errors.

Web request error details pageReported error details page

This displays error details such as the estimated error count, provider (for a request error), technology (for a reported error), and more. The page also lists affected user sessions and affected user actions—select a user action or user session to view its details. The distribution breakdown displays information on the relative frequencies of operating systems, OS versions, application versions, and devices, while the country breakdown shows all affected countries and their corresponding error rate.

Check sessions with rage events

When your application doesn't respond quickly, a text label looks like a button, or a toggle is hidden under another toggle, users may repeatedly click or tap the affected UI control in helpless frustration. Dynatrace detects such behavior as a rage click or rage tap.

To view user sessions with rage events

In the Dynatrace menu, go to Session segmentation.
Set Filter by to Rage click count: ≥1 or Rage tap count: ≥1.
Select the user session you're interested in to open the session details page.
Scroll down to the Events and actions section, and expand the rage click or rage tap event to view its details.

Examine crashes

Mobile and custom applications

When a user session ends in a crash, you can leverage session analysis to view the complete sequence of user actions that preceded the crash. You can also open a crash report to get all the code-level information and quickly resolve the root causes of that crash.

In the Dynatrace menu, go to Session segmentation.
Set Filter by to the following filters:
- Application type: Mobile to display only mobile user sessions or Application type: Custom to get user sessions captured in custom applications
- Crashes: Yes to show sessions ended with a crash
- Mobile applications Session Replay: Yes to display sessions recorded with Session Replay on crashes for Android or iOS applications
Select the user session you're interested in to open its session details page.
Mobile applications To watch the Session Replay recording, go to the Session Replay tab, and select Play .
The last event of the session is the crash, which is represented by a red dot in the timeline. Use the Session Replay controls to analyze the crash in detail.
To view all user actions and events that preceded the crash, scroll down to the Events and actions section.
To view the crash report, expand the crash event, and then select Open crash details.
The crash report provides you with the user's device information and stack trace. You can also analyze the crash groups for your mobile and custom applications or download the crash stack trace.

Analysis of a single session across different domains

For technical and security reasons, you cannot analyze a single user session across different domains.

Suppose your user visits two completely different domains during a single "session". How would Dynatrace capture this, given that both domains are instrumented with Dynatrace?

You'd actually see two separate user sessions:

The first session starts with the page load for the web page of the first domain, and it ends when the user clicks a link that leads them to a web page with a different domain (the second domain).
The second session starts with the first page load on the second domain, and it ends when any of the criteria for ending a user session is met.

This happens for the following reasons:

Technical reason: Cookies can't be shared across domains, except for subdomains.
Security reason: It's a security feature of browsers and a limitation that all vendors share.

Real-time analysis

Access live user sessions through the Live user activity tile on the dashboard.

Go to one of the problem pages, and select See user sessions sample.

Affected sessions can also be directly accessed from one of the problem pages.

Bounces and conversions are available for completed user sessions.

Examples

These examples show how you can gain insight into your users' behavior through Dynatrace user session analysis.

Filter user sessions based on user session duration

You can filter user sessions by duration: longer or shorter than a certain value or within a certain range. In the screenshot below, user sessions that have a duration of at least 10 seconds are displayed.

You can search for all user sessions that include at least one instance of any one of multiple user actions in their clickpaths.

Create complex filters

Check the filter bar in the example below. This search matches on user sessions that meet the following criteria:

Application type: Web and Browser Type: Desktop Browser. The user accessed one of your web applications via desktop browser.
Duration ≥ 60s. The session lasted at least 1 minute.
Action count = 5. During the session, the user performed five actions.
User action name: test. The user action called test occurred in the user session.

Explore categories on the findings panel

For each category on the findings panel, there's a separate section that shows visualizations and findings for that particular category. For example, Application type shows the current distribution, distribution over time, and geographical distribution of the different application types. The geographical map shows the color of the application type with the highest number of sessions.

You can choose any of the findings and easily apply them by selecting Apply selection as a filter in the lower-left corner of the page.

Error type	Web	Mobile	Custom
`Request error`
`Reported error`
`Custom error`
`JavaScript error`